中考英语二轮复习,中考英语,阅读理解训练知识点总结及答案
中考英语二轮复习
中考英语
阅读理解训练知识点总结及答案
一、中考英语阅读理解训练 1．阅读理解
When Carson Palmer, a professional American football player, hurt his arm a few years ago, he took a week off to stop throwing the football. But in his head, Palmer practiced every day. The following weekend, Palmer had the best game of his life.
For more than a century, scientists have been trying to understand how this mental training works. In the 1930s, researchers proved by experiment that when you"re imagining an action, your brain sends signals to your muscles which are too weak to tighten the muscles but might help train the body to perform. In other words, mental practice might create a plan in your head, like a how-to guide for a special skill.
Sports researchers have done hundreds of studies comparing imagined and physical practice for actions. In short, the studies show that mental training works. A 2012 study compared 32 nonprofessional golfers with another 32 who only imagined their action. Under the same training program, both groups improved their skills.
Imagination has advantages over the real thing: You can do it anywhere and any time. It is safe---a main advantage for people such as gymnasts and doctors. And you can practice for longer periods of time because you"re not controlled by physical tiredness. That"s not to say it"s easy. "we"ve had Olympic-level sportsmen sitting in our laboratory, imagining for two hours," says Tadhg Macintyre, a sports researcher in Ireland. "When we"re done, they"re completely tired."
It doesn"t work for everyone, though. "If you"re a beginner, the influence can be harmful," warns Macintyre. If you"re trying to imagine a free throw, and you don"t even know the proper movement, then you"re probably going to mentally practice the wrong skill, and your skill is going to be impaired."
（1）How does mental training act on one"s physical practice?
A. Taking a week off from being tired.
B. Performing the action before imagining.
C. Using imagination to guide one"s body.
D. Buying a how-to guide before mental training
（2）What do we know about imagination training?
A. It is not influenced by time and space.
B. It is easier to do than real practice.
C. It is more useful for golfers.
D. It is fit for everyone.
（3）What does the underlined word "impaired" in Para. 5 mean?
A. weakened
B. mastered
C. tested
D. improved
（4）What can be the best title of the text?
A. A New Way of Doing Sports
B. Advantages of Imagination
C. Methods for Mental Practice
D. Mental Training Makes You better？
【答案】
（1）C
（2）A
（3）A
（4）D
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍了心理训练与体育实践的关系，从而说明了心理训练会使你更好。
（1）细节题。
根据第二段...... when you"re imagining an action, your brain sends signals to your muscles which are too weak to tighten the muscles but might help train the body to perform. In other words, mental practice might create a plan in your head, like a how-to guide for a special skill. 可知心理的训练可能在头脑中产生一个计划，指导你的技能，故选 C。
（2）细节题。根据 Imagination has advantages over the real thing: You can do it anywhere and any time. 可知想像力可以在任何时间和地点都能做，不受时间和空间的影响，故选A。
（3）
词义猜测题。根据 If you"re a beginner, the influence can be harmful, If you"re trying to imagine a free throw, and you don"t even know the proper movement, then you"re probably going to mentally practice the wrong skill, 可知如果你是一个初学者，你不知道正确的动作，你凭借你的想像去做，可能做得差。可猜测出 impaired 是差的或弱的，故选 A。
（4）主旨题。根据文章内容，本文主要介绍了心理训练与体育实践的关系，从而说明了心理训练会使你（做得）更好。故选 D。
【点评】考查阅读理解。细节题、词义猜测题和主旨题都是常考题型。细节题要注意细节从文中找答案；词义猜测题是根据上下文，猜测出词义；主旨题需要通读全文了解大意之后找出中心思想。
2．阅读理解
Esperanza lives in a poor Latino（拉丁美洲的）
neighbourhood in Chicago, America. She dreams of having her own house one day. Her parents told her that when they moved from their last house, they would have a new and shiny（亮闪闪的）
house. But the house is small and old.
Many people live in Mango Street, in a big old house, Esperanza lives behind it with her family. A lot of the people who have come from Mexico don"t speak English. Many miss their home country. Esperanza understands their sadness, but she also feels at home in America. She is an American, but her roots（根）
will always be Latino.
Esperanza is young. Like her friends, she has to grow up fast. She is stuck between being a girl and being a woman. In the poor and dangerous area where she lives, this is difficult for her. Mexican people usually live in a close neighbourhood. This means that people live packed（挤塞的）
in together. Everyone knows everyone else. So Esperanza knows other older girls that do things she is not comfortable doing. It is just a fact of her life.
But Esperanza has good friends too. She becomes friends with two sisters named Lucy and Rachel. They ride bikes and have adventures（冒险）
together. Esperanza is also friends with a girl named Alicia. Alicia is afraid of the rats in her apartment. She shares her poems with Esperanza.
（1）What is RIGHT about Esperanza?
A. She doesn"t like what some of the older girls are doing.
B. She isn"t quite used to her life in America.
C. She is an American and has a comfortable life.
D. She often lives with her friends enjoying doing things together.
（2）Where does Esperanza live?
A. In a big old house in Mango Street.
B. In a small and old house in Mango Street.
C. In a new and shiny house.
D. In a small and dangerous house.
（3）We can infer from the text that ______________.
A. many people who live in Mango Street are dangerous
B. Mango Street is an area where Esperanza"s childhood is unforgettable
C. in Mango Street, people don"t speak English
D. in Mango Street, everybody understands Esperanza s sadness
（4）What does the word "stuck" in the third paragraph mean?
A. hard to agree
B. hard to believe
C. hard to move
D. hard to have a correct idea
（5）The passage is mainly a simple introduction to ______________.
A. a person"s experience
B. a person"s friends
C. a place named Mango Street
D. love and sadness from Mango Street
【答案】
（1）A
（2）B
（3）A
（4）C
（5）A
【解析】【分析】主要讲了 Esperanza 住在美国芝加哥一个贫穷的拉丁美洲街区，房子又小又旧，及其危险困难的生活。
（1）细节题。根据 So Esperanza knows other older girls that do things she is not comfortable doing.可知 Esperanza 不喜欢其他女孩做的不舒服的事情，故选 A。
（2）细节题。根据 But the house is small and old. Many people live in Mango Street, in a big old house, Esperanza lives behind it with her family.可知 Esperanza 的房子是小的旧的，住在Mango Street 的后面，故选 B。
（3）细节题。根据 In the poor and dangerous area where she lives, this is difficult for her 可知住在 Mango Street 是危险和困难的，故选 A。
（4）细节题。根据前句 Like her friends, she has to grow up fast.像她的朋友一样，她不得不快速成长，所以卡在了女孩和妇女间，即很难移动，即 hardto move，故选 C。
（5）细节题。根据全文可知主要介绍了 Esperanza 住在美国芝加哥一个贫穷的拉丁美洲街区，房子又小又旧，及其危险困难的生活。即个人经历的介绍，故选 A。
【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。
3．阅读理解
Improve Your Learning Skills!
Want higher marks?
Have an important exam soon?
Come to the workshop and learn how to:
•Read faster
•Take better notes
•Improve your spelling
Wednesday, March 13, 3 pm-5 pm, Room 314
Bring a notebook, a dictionary, and a pencil.
See you there.
（1）People can improve ______ in the workshop.
A. reading
B. grammar
C. speaking
D. pronunciation
（2）People need to stay in the workshop for ______.
A. one hour
B. two hours
C. three hours
D. four hours
（3）People should bring ______ if they go to the workshop.
A. a pen
B. a notebook
C. an English book
D. a computer
【答案】
（1）A
（2）B
（3）B
【解析】【分析】本文是关于如何提高英语的广告。
（1）细节题。根据 Read faster 可知在研讨会上可以提高阅读，故选 A。
（2）细节题。根据 Wednesday, March 13, 3 pm-5 pm 可知人们在研讨会上待 2 个小时，故选 B。
（3）细节题。根据 Bring a notebook 看着需要带笔记本，故选 B。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案。
4．阅读理解
The Mid-Autumn Festival is a very important Chinese festival. It falls on the 15th day of the eighth month of lunar calendar. A few days before the festival, everyone in the family will help to make the house clean and beautiful. Lanterns will be hung in front of the house.
On the evening of the festival there will be a big family dinner. People who work far away from their homes will try to come back for the reunion （团聚）. After dinner, people will light the lanterns which are usually bright and round. Children will play with their own toy lanterns happily.
At night the moon is usually round and bright. People can enjoy the moon while eating mooncakes which are the special food for this festival.
Father"s Day is celebrated on the third Sunday of June in the US and the UK. Sonora Smart Dodd, a loving daughter from Spokane, had the good idea that society must celebrate a day to honour
fathers, because they make important contributions to the raising of children.
People celebrate the festival by honouring their fathers and expressing love to them by giving popular gifts like cards, flowers, chocolate and ties. Little children often give handmade gifts to their dads.
（1）What will people do before the Mid- Autumn Festival?
A. Light the lanterns.
B. Have a big family dinner.
C. Clean their houses and hang the lanterns.
D. Enjoy the moon.
（2）What does the moon usually look like on the night of the Mid-Autumn Festival?
A. Red and round.
B. Round and bright.
C. Red and bright.
D. Red and small.
（3）When is Father"s Day in the US?
A. On the third Sunday of June.
B. On the second Sunday of June.
C. On the third Saturday of June.
D. On the second Saturday of June.
（4）Who came up with the idea of celebrating Father"s Day?
A. Some little children.
B. A father.
C. Sonora Smart Dodd.
D. A loving son.
（5）Why did people set up Father"s Day to honour fathers?
A. Because fathers want to get together with their children.
B. Because fathers express great love to their children.
C. Because fathers give popular gifts to their children,
D. Because fathers make contributions to the raising of children.
【答案】
（1）C
（2）B
（3）A
（4）C
（5）D
【解析】【分析】主要讲了中国重要的节日——中秋节。
（1）细节题。根据 A few days before the festival, everyone in the family will help to make the house clean and beautiful. Lanterns will be hung in front of the house.可知在中秋节前人们帮助打扫房子和挂灯笼，故选 C。
（2）细节题。根据 At night the moon is usually round and bright.可知月亮是圆的和明亮的，故选 B。
（3）细节题。根据 Father"s Day is celebrated on the third Sunday of June in the US and the UK.可知在美国和英国父亲节在六月的第三个星期天，故选 A。
（4）细节题。根据 Sonora Smart Dodd, a loving daughter from Spokane, had the good idea that society must celebrate a day to honour father 可知 Sonora Smart Dodd 提出庆祝父亲节的主意，故选 C。
（5）细节题。根据 because they make important contributions to the raising of children.可知因为他们为养育孩子做出了重要贡献。故选 D。
【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。
5．阅读理解
These days haze（雾霾）
is around us here and there. In fact, everyone has the power to change their living habits to help reduce it. Many local governments call on their people to take action to make the air cleaner.
Transport is one of the biggest contributors（促成物）
to haze. When, where, bow, why and what you drive all affect air quality. When one drives to work for one year, he uses as much energy as a bus rider uses in 10 years. So walk or ride your bicycle to work or school whenever possible. If it is necessary, you can use public transport instead of your car. Each person using public transport for a year instead of a car can save nearly a tonne of pollutants, including CO 2 , from going into the atmosphere.
Carpooling is another way to reduce carbon emissions （排放）. Carpooling is the sharing of car journeys so that more than one person travels in a car. It immediately reduces your car"s emissions by half.
What you do inside your living space can have a big effect on the air quality outside it. You can do a lot of things inside and around your home that will help you pollute less and save some money.
A large amount of our energy supply comes from burning coal, another contributor to haze. By cutting down your electricity use, you are cutting down on haze. So you may try to reduce your use of electricity by turning off lights, using your air conditioner wisely during the summer months, or updating some of your electrical appliances to low-energy models. For example, you can use energy-saving lamps that require less energy and last 10 times longer than common bulbs.
（1）Which does the writer think should play an important role in reducing haze?
A. City cleaners.
B. Haze producers.
C. Local governments.
D. Common people.
（2）We can infer（推断）
from the passage that the writer thinks
.
A. cars can be used only when people have to
B. cars should be given up as soon as possible
C. cars must be improved to reduce air pollution
D. cars may cause the most serious pollution of all
（3）We should reduce the use of electricity mainly because
.
A. we can save a lot of money by using less energy
B. coal is now becoming rarer and rarer on our planet
C. harmful things come out while electricity is produced
D. electrical appliances send out something harmful to our air
（4）Which can be the best title for the passage?
A. What Are Causing Haze Around Us
B. What You Can Do to Reduce Haze
C. How Dangerous Haze Is to Our Life
D. How Important It Is to Reduce Haze
【答案】
（1）D
（2）A
（3）C
（4）B
【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章主要介绍了几种减少雾霾的方法，第一种为尽量使用公
共交通工具外出，第二种为尽量拼车出行，第三种为减少电力的使用。
（1）细节题。结合第一段第二句 In fact, everyone has the power to change their living habits to help reduce it. 可知，每个人都有能力通过改变自己的生活习惯来减少雾霾。因此，作者认为在减少雾霾上，普通人应该发挥重要作用， 故选 D。
（2）推断题。由第二段 So walk or ride your bicycle to work or school whenever possible. If it is necessary, you can use public transport instead of your car. 可知，尽可能步行或骑自行车，必要时乘坐公共交通工具也不要开车。因此作者认为仅当不得已的时候才应该才去开车，故选 A。
（3）细节题。结合第五段第一句 A large amount of our energy supply comes from burning coal, another contributor to haze. 可知，发电时，我们需要烧煤等，而这会释放出有害物质，进而污染空气。C 项意为“当生产电力时会释放有害物质”，符合题意，故选 C。
（4）主旨题。通读全文，文章主要介绍了几种减少雾霾的方法，第一种为尽量使用公共交通工具外出，第二种为尽量拼车出行，第三种为减少电力的使用。故文章主旨在于普通人可以做些什么、采取什么措施来减少雾霾，故选 B。
【点评】考查阅读理解能力，首先通读全文，掌握大意，然后根据问题在文章中找到依据，选出正确答案，注意阅读方法的运用。
6．阅读理解
When he was small, Hill was a famous bad boy.
At the age of 9, his father married his stepmother. At that time they lived poorly in the countryside while his stepmother was from a wealthy family.
His father introduced Hill to his stepmother as he said, "Dear, I hope you notice in the entire shire this is the worst boy, who has made me have no other way. Maybe before tomorrow morning he will throw a stone at you, or do a bad thing you will never imagine."
To Hill"s surprise, his stepmother went up to him with a smile, held up his head and looked at him carefully. She then turned around to tell her husband, "You"re wrong. He is not the worst boy in the entire shire, but the cleverest and most creative boy. Only he doesn"t find a place to show himself."
His stepmother"s words warmed his heart, his eyes full of tears. Then he started building friendship with his stepmother. And this became the drive of his life, making him create 28 successful golden rules, which helped tens of thousands of ordinary people walk on the road to success.
Before his stepmother came, no one praised him smart, and his father and neighbors considered him as a bad boy. However, his stepmother"s words changed his life.
When Hill was 14 years old, his stepmother bought him a used typewriter and said to him, "I believe you will become a writer." Hill accepted his stepmother"s gift and expectation, and started writing things to a local newspaper. He understood his stepmother"s strong feeling of interest in his family while he saw with his own eyes she had changed his family. Therefore, he would do as well as she expected him to.
The strength from his stepmother made him a rich man and famous writer in the United States
and one of the most important persons in the 20th century.
Praise will never be unnecessary, especially for children. Sincere （真诚的）
praise may be better than 10,000 bad words.
（1）What did people think of Hill before the age of nine?
A. lever.
B. Creative.
C. Unfriendly.
D. Stupid.
（2）Which of the following is WRONG about Hill?
A. He accepted his stepmother"s typewriter.
B. He failed to do as he was expected.
C. He started writing to a local newspaper.
D. He understood his stepmother.
（3）The writer is most probably an expert of _________.
A. house building
B. diet
C. news writing
D. education
（4）The passage was written mainly to tell us that _________.
A. children should be praised
B. Hill"s father married again
C. Hill"s stepmother was kind to him
D. Hill"s father was cruel to him
【答案】
（1）C
（2）B
（3）D
（4）A
【解析】【分析】大意:一个在别人眼里是最坏的男孩的 Hill，他继母的来临后，继母几句表扬的话改变了聪明的一生，他继母的力量让他成为一名富人作家和美国最重要的人物，作者以 Hill 事例向我们展示了表扬的重要性。
（1）推断题。根据 When he was small, Hill was a famous bad boy.可知，他九岁之前，人们认为他是一个出了名的坏小孩，可推出坏小孩一般对他人都是不友好的，故选 C。
（2）细节题。根据 started writing things to a local newspaper.and famous writer in the United States 可知，Hill 没有辜负继母的期望，B 选项与原文不符，故选 B。
（3）推断题。作者以 Hill 事例向我们展示了表扬的重要性，可推出作者应该是教育方面的专家，故选 D。
（4）主旨题。作者以 Hill 事例向我们展示了表扬的重要性，故选 A。
【点评】考查阅读理解能力，细节题、推断题和主旨题是阅读理解题中常考题型。细节题要从文中寻找答案；推断题需要根据上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
7．阅读理解
Sometimes
Sometimes I feel lonely,
Like I"m by myself with no one there.
When I"m that way. I call a friend.
My lonely mood soon disappear.
Sometimes I feel excited,
Like I have some news I have to
share!
My friends open their ears to me.
They always listen, talk, and care.
Sometimes I feel so sad,
Like my world is cold and darkest
blue.
At those times my friends let me know
They"re with me, standing strong and true.
Sometimes I feel confused,
Like I just don"t know how I should feel.
My friends then help me figure out
What"s right and wrong, what"s false and real!
（1）When the writer is very upset, his friends _________.
A. become stronger
B. tell him what is right and wrong
C. open their ears to him
D. let him know they"re always there with him
（2）Which feelings are mentioned in the poem?
A. Loneliness, anger and sadness.
B. Excitement, sadness and loneliness.
C. Sadness, excitement and anger.
D. Anger, loneliness and excitement.
（3）What"s the poem mainly about?
A. Friends are important in life.
B. The color blue is the color of sadness.
C. Poems can make humans happy.
D. Different people have different feelings.
【答案】
（1）D
（2）B
（3）A
【解析】【分析】文章大意：这是一首诗歌，介绍了作者因为有了朋友而不再寂寞，不再伤心，当有快乐时，作者又跟朋友们去分享。
（1）细节理解题，根据 Sometimes I feel so sad, At those times my friends let me know They"re with me, standing strong and true. 可知，当他不开心的时候，他朋友们让他知道他的朋友一直跟他在一起，故答案是 D。
（2）细节理解题，根据 Sometimes I feel lonely, Sometimes I feel excited, Sometimes I feel so sad, Sometimes I feel confused, 可知，短文中涉及到了寂寞、兴奋、伤心和迷惑，故答案是 B。
（3）主旨大意题，根据文章主要抒发了朋友在生活中中的重要性的思想感情，故答案是A。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题和主旨题两种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻
找答案；旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
8．阅读理解
A few days ago, I ran into a stranger as he passed by. I said sorry to him. And we were very polite. Then we went on our way after saying goodbye.
Later in the kitchen at home, as I cooked our meal, my daughter Betty walked up to me. When I turned around, I nearly knocked her down. "Get out of the way!" I shouted angrily. She ran away, crying.
That night, when I lay in bed, my husband said to me, "You were so rude to Betty. Go and look around on the kitchen floor, and you"ll find some flowers there. Betty brought those for you. She picked them herself—pink, yellow, and your favorite blue."
When I heard this, I thought deeply, "While meeting with a stranger, I was calm and polite, but with my daughter, I was not patient." I felt sad and tears began to fall.
I quietly went to Betty"s bed, "Wake up, my dear!" I said. "Are these the flowers you picked for me?" She smiled, "I found them by the tree. I know you like them, especially the blue ones." I said, "I am so sorry that I treated you that way today." And she whispered （悄声说）, "Mommy, that"s okay. I still love you anyway." I kissed her and said, "I love you, too and 1 do love the flowers."
That day Betty gave me a lesson on how to get along with each other in the family. I spent much time on work and didn"t realize how important family life was. I decided to do better in the future.
（1）What did the writer do when she ran into a man?
A. She got mad at him.
B. She didn"t say sorry to him.
C. She said sorry to him politely.
D. She left without saying anything.
（2）Why did the writer feel sorry for what she had done?
A. Because her husband didn"t love her.
B. Because her daughter brought her some flowers.
C. Because she used to be friendly to others.
D. Because she spent less time on her family life.
（3）According to the passage, which do you think is I he best title?
A. How to get along with a stranger
B. I love my daughter
C. My daughter gave me a good lesson
D. How to be a polite person
【答案】
（1）C
（2）D
（3）C
【解析】【分析】文章大意：主要讲述了发生在自己和女儿之间的一个故事，通过这个故事，让作者决定在将来要更好地对待他人 。
（1）细节理解题。根据文中语句 A few days ago, I ran into a stranger as he passed by. I said sorry to him. And we were very polite. 几天前，当陌生人走过的时候，我撞到了他，我对他说了对不起，我们非常有礼貌，可知当作者撞到一个陌生人有礼貌地道歉，故选 C。
（2）推理判断题。阅读第三段可知：可知作者的丈夫告诉她，玛丽为她采了一些花．第四段作者开始对发生的事进行反思，并向女儿道歉，第五段作者下决心要多花点时间与家人相处，I spent much time on work before and didn"t realize how important family life was. 可知作者对她所做的事感到难过，因为她花在家庭生活上的时间很少，故选 D。
（3）主旨归纳题。文章主要讲作者对陌生人很有礼貌，而对自己的女儿态度非常糟糕，缺乏耐心。而女儿看到漂亮的花时，依然摘来送给她，孩子的一些话深深触动作者的心灵，决定未来要多花些时间陪伴家人，会做得更好。由此可以推断出文章标题：女儿给了我一个很好的教训。故选 C。
【点评】查阅读理解。
本题主要考查了细节理解题，归纳题以及判断题，做题的时候，先从题目中找到一个关键词，它可以帮助我们很快地定位原文，找到答案。
9．阅读理解
In Britain. Boxing Day is usually celebrated on December 26th, which is the following day after Christmas Day. However, strictly speaking, Boxing Day is the first weekday after Christmas. Like Christmas Day, Boxing Day is a public holiday. This means it"s a non-working day in the whole of Britain. When Boxing Day falls on a Saturday or Sunday, the following Monday is the public holiday.
The exact origin（起源）of the holiday is unclear. One of the thoughts is that during the Middle Ages, when great sailing ships were setting off to discover new land, a Christmas Box was placed by a priest（神父）on each ship. Those sailors who wanted to ensure a safe return would drop money into the box. It was sealed up and kept on board until the ship came home safely. Then the box was handed over to the priest in exchange for the saying of a mass of thanks for the success of the sailing. The priest wouldn"t open it to share the contents with the poor until Christmas.
One more thought is about the "Alms Box" placed in every church on Christmas Day. Worshippers（做礼拜的人）
put gifts for the poor into it. These boxes were always opened the day after Christmas. That is why that day became known as Boxing Day.
Today, many businesses, organizations and families try to keep the traditional spirit of Boxing Day alive by donating（捐赠）
their time, services and money to aid Food Banks, providing gifts for the poor, or helping families in need. Besides, spending time with family and shopping are
popular Boxing Day activities now.
（1）If Christmas Day is on a Saturday, Boxing Day will be celebrated on____________.
A. December 25th
B. December 26th
C. December 27th
D. December 28th
（2）Sailors dropped money into the Christmas Box in order to____________.
A. save the poor
B. pay for the priest
C. discover new land
D. pray for sailing safety
（3）What does the underlined phrase“sealed up" mean in Chinese?
A. 密封
B. 悬挂
C. 归还
D. 传递
（4）The purpose of the passage is____________.
A. to praise the kindness of priests
B. to introduce the origins of Boxing Day
C. to call on people to help the poor
D. to compare Boxing Day with Christmas Day
【答案】
（1）C
（2）D
（3）A
（4）B
【解析】【分析】文章大意：在英国。节礼日通常在 12 月 26 日举行，这是圣诞节后的第二天。但是，严格来说，节礼日是圣诞节后的第一个工作日。像圣诞节一样，节礼日也是一个公共假日。这意味着这是整个英国的非工作日。当节礼日是星期六或星期日时，下一个星期一是公共假日。
（1）细节理解题，根据 When Boxing Day falls on a Saturday or Sunday, the following Monday is the public holiday.可知，如果圣诞节在星期六，节礼日就在星期一，也就是十二月二十七日，故答案是 C。
（2）细节理解题，根据 Those sailors who wanted to ensure a safe return would drop money into the box.可知水手往节礼箱里方硬币是为了祈求航行安全，故答案是 D。
（3）词义猜测题，根据 The priest wouldn"t open it to share the contents with the poor until Christmas.可知回来之后让神父打开箱子，可知之前箱子被密封了，故答案是 A。
（4）主旨大意题，根据文章介绍了节礼日的起源，故答案是 B。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题、词义猜测题和主旨大意题。细节理解题要可以直接从文中寻找答案；词义猜测题，需要根据单词所在的语境，进行合理想象，确定单词的意思；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
10．阅读理解
Almost all cultures celebrate the end of one year and the beginning of another in some ways. Different cultures celebrate the beginning of a new year in different ways, and at different times on the calendar.
In Western countries, people usually celebrate New Year from midnight on December 31st to January 1st, People may go to parties, sometimes dressed in formal（正式的）clothes, and they may drink champagne（香槟）
at midnight. During the first minute of the new year, people cheer and wish each other happiness for the year ahead, But some cultures prefer to celebrate the new year by waking up early to watch the sunrise. They welcome the new year with the first light of the sunrise.
Many cultures also do special things to get rid of（摆脱）bad luck at the beginning of a new year. For example, in Ecuador, families make a big doll from old clothes, The doll is filled with old newspapers and firecrackers. At midnight, these dolls are burned to show the bad things from the past year are gone and the new year can start afresh（重新）. Other common traditions to keep away bad luck in a new year include throwing things into rivers or the ocean, or saying special things on the first day of the new year.
Other New Year traditions are followed to bring good luck in the new year. One widespread Spanish tradition for good luck is to eat grapes on New Year"s Day. The more grapes a person eats, the more good luck he will have in the new year. In France, people eat pancakes for good luck on New Year"s Day. In the United States, some people eat black-eyed peas for good luck-but to get good luck for a whole year, you have to eat 365 of them!
（1）The passage is mainly about____________.
A. the meaning of "Happy New Year!
B. several different New Year traditions
C. what to eat on New Year"s Day
D. why people dress up nicely on New Year"s Day
（2）It"s clear that____________.
A. some cultures celebrate New Year in the morning
B. the Western people celebrate New Year only on New Year"s Day
C. people in Ecuador go to parties from December 31st to January 1st
D. no cultures do special things to celebrate New Year
（3）To have a happy new year, ____________.
A. friends talk to each other in special ways
B. families make big dolls filled with old clothes
C. some people get up early to watch the sunrise
D. Europeans eat 365 grapes on New Year"s Day
（4）When eating black- eyed peas on New Year"s Day, people think____________.
A. one pea brings one day of luck
B. black- eyed peas are the best medicine
C. the peas are too black and taste bad
D. the peas are helpful to count numbers
【答案】
（1）B
（2）A
（3）C
（4）A
【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章介绍了西方国家不同的庆祝新年的方式，
（1）主旨大意题，通过阅读全文可知，短文主要介绍了不同国家不同的新年庆祝方式，故答案是 B。
（2）细节理解题，根据
But some cultures prefer to celebrate the new year by waking up early to watch the sunrise.
可知，一些国家喜欢在早晨庆祝新年，故答案是 A。
（3）细节理解题，根据
But some cultures prefer to celebrate the new year by waking up early to watch the sunrise. They welcome the new year with the first light of the sunrise. 可知，为了过一个快乐的新年，人们要早起看日出，故答案是 C。
（4）细节理解题，根据 In the United States, some people eat black-eyed peas for good luck-but to get good luck for a whole year, you have to eat 365 of them!可知人们认为吃一颗黑豆会
带来一天的好运，故答案是 A。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题和主旨大意题。细节理解题要可以直接从文中寻找答案；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
11．阅读理解
"Without music, life would be a mistake, "famous German philosopher（哲学家）Friedrich Nietzsche said over a century ago. Music is a big part of our lives. But in recent years, some American schools have cut music classes to control budgets（预算）.
For example, Chicago public schools hurt arts education when it fired over 1, 000 teachers. Among them, 10 percent of the teachers taught art or music, according to The Washington Times. In fact, this is not just a problem in the US. In other countries, such as China and the UK, music classes are not thought to be as important as ones like science, math and history. That"s partly because music is not seen as a very important life skill, and it isn"t tested. Many students are busy with schoolwork, so parents and students choose to focus on subjects that are tested more often.
However, learning music is beneficial（有益的）in many ways.
When playing music, you need different abilities to work together. It is not as simple as it looks, according to Kenneth K. Guilmartin of Music Together, an early childhood music development program. For example, when playing the piano, people see music notes and decode（解码）them in th...