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艾森豪威尔诺曼底三篇演讲稿分析

2021-10-19 12:24:26演讲稿
艾森豪威尔在诺曼底的三篇演讲稿分析本文关键词:艾森豪威尔,诺曼底,演讲稿,三篇,分析艾森豪威尔在诺曼

艾森豪威尔在诺曼底的三篇演讲稿分析 本文关键词:艾森豪威尔,诺曼底,演讲稿,三篇,分析

艾森豪威尔在诺曼底的三篇演讲稿分析 本文简介:艾森豪威尔在诺曼底的三篇演讲稿1、OrderoftheDay反攻动员令Soldiers,sailors,andairmenoftheAlliedExpeditionaryForce(联合远征军,指参与诺曼底登陆行动的美英加法及自由欧洲联军),youareabouttoembark(双关,这个词既有上

艾森豪威尔在诺曼底的三篇演讲稿分析 本文内容:

艾森豪威尔在诺曼底的三篇演讲稿

1、

Order

of

the

Day

反攻动员令

Soldiers,sailors,and

airmen

of

the

Allied

Expeditionary

Force

(联合远征军,指参与诺曼底登陆行动的美英加法及自由欧洲联军),you

are

about

to

embark(双关,这个词既有上飞机和上船的意思也有开始的意思)

upon

the

great

crusade

towards

which

we

have

striven(力求,因为为了此次行动,联军进行了大量的前期工作,直接相关

霸王行动the

Overlord

Action

的准备就持续数月)

these

many

months.

The

eyes

of

the

world

are

upon

you,the

hopes

and

prayers

of

liberty-loving

people

everywhere

march

with

you.

In

company

with

our

brave

allies

and

brothers

in

arms

on

other

fronts(此处指前线的意思,因为这是反法西斯战争的一部分,实际上还有其它多个战场),you

will

bring

about

the

destruction

of

the

German

war

machine.

The

elimination(消除,消灭)

of

Nazi

tyranny

over

the

oppressed

people

of

Europe,and

security

for

ourselves

in

a

free

world.

Your

task

will

not

be

an

easy

one.

Your

enemy

is

well

trained,well

equipped,and

battle

hardened.

He

will

fight

savagely.

But

this

is

the

year

1944!

Much

has

happened

since

the

Nazi

triumphs(凯旋,胜利,纳粹在1940-41年间在欧洲迅速扩张,并占领了法国——诺曼底登陆的发生地)

of

1940-41.

The

united

nations

have

inflicted

upon

the

Germans

great

defeats

in

open

battle,men-to-men.

Our

air

offensive(此处为名词,即攻势的意思)

have

seriously

reduced

their

strength

in

the

air

and

their

capacity

to

wage

war

on

the

ground.

Our

home

fronts

have

given

us

an

overwhelming

superiority

in

weapons

and

ammunitions(原意为军需品,这种用法在现在英语中已经被废除,而专指弹药,但如此解释则与之前提到的武器弹药的准备重复了)

of

war

and

placed

at

our

disposal,great

reserves

of

trained

fighting

men.

The

tide

has

turned!

the

free

men

of

the

world

are

marching

together

to

victory!

I

have

full

confidence

in

your

courage,devotion

to

duty

and

skill

in

battle.

We

will

accept

nothing

less

than

full

victory!

Good

luck

and

let

us

all

beseech(祈求)

the

blessing

of

almighty

God

upon

this

great

and

noble

undertaking.

各位联合远征军的海陆空战士们:你们马上就要踏上征程去进行一场伟大的圣战,为此我们已精心准备了数月。全世界的目光都注视着你们,各地热爱和平的人们的期望与祈祷伴随着你们。

你们将与其他战线上的英勇盟军及兄弟一起并肩战斗,摧毁德国的战争机器。推翻压在欧洲人民身上的纳粹暴政,保卫我们在一个自由世界的安全。

这是一个艰巨的任务。你们的敌人训练有素,装备精良,久经沙场。他们肯定会负隅顽抗。

但是现在是1944年。与纳粹1940、41年连连取胜时大不相同。联合国在正面战场予以德军迎头痛击空军削弱了德军的空中力量和陆上战斗能力;后方弹药充足、武器精良、部署得当、后备力量丰富。潮流已经逆转,全世界自由的人们正在一起向胜利迈进。

我对你们的勇敢、责任心和作战技巧充满了信心,我们迎接的只会是彻底的胜利!

祝你们好运,并让我们祈求万能的上帝祝福这伟大而崇高的事业获得成功。

总体分析:

艾森豪威尔的此次命令是经过多种方式传达的,其中就包含在战前动员演说中,故该条命令可以被视为一次演讲。

文稿中,艾森豪威尔对联军全体参战人员表达了充分的敬意与信心。他实事求是地分析了战争的形势,回顾了战争的艰难时刻,并以充分的理由论证了胜利的天平已经倒向己方。

这些语句使联军将士意识到了特殊的历史使命感,并对战争的前景充满了希望。它起到了巨大的鼓舞士气的作用,帮助了作战的胜利。

上面的文件影印本来自艾森豪威尔在战前签署的命令终稿。

上面的文件影印本来自1944年6月6日联合远征军的印发命令原件。

2、

Broadcast

After

Action

登陆胜利广播

A

landing

was

made

this

morning

on

the

coast

of

France

by

troops

of

the

Allied

Expeditionary

Force.

This

landing

is

part

of

the

concerted

United

Nations’

plan

for

the

liberation

of

Europe,made

in

conjunction(联合,诺曼底登陆旨在开辟除苏德战场之外的欧洲第二战场)

with

our

great

Russian

allies.

今天早晨的时候,我们的联合远征军成功地在法国沿岸实施了登陆行动。此次行动是包括我们伟大的盟友苏联在内的多国解放欧洲的计划的一部分。

I

have

this

message

for

all

of

you.

Although

the

initial

assault(攻击,此次广播的目标包含了法国等欧洲西部地区)

may

not

have

been

made

in

your

own

country,the

hour

of

your

liberation

is

approaching.

我向你们传达这样一条信息,即:尽管最初的攻击也许还未能完全解放你的祖国,但你们重新迎来自由的日子已经不远了。

All

patriots,men

and

women,young

and

old,have

a

part

to

play

in

the

achievement

of

final

victory.

To

members

of

resistance

movements(抵抗运动,二战德国占领区中的人们在纳粹的统治下依然进行着不间断的抵抗侵略的活动),I

say,“Follow

the

instructions

you

have

received.”

To

patriots

who

are

not

members

of

organized

resistance

groups,I

say,“Continue

your

passive

resistance,but

do

not

needlessly

endanger

your

lives

until

I

give

you

the

signal

to

rise

and

strike

the

enemy.

The

day

will

come

when

I

shall

need

your

united

strength.”

Until

that

day,I

call

on

you

for

the

hard

task

of

discipline

and

restraint(磨练与克制,指希望抵抗组织不要焦急,应在等待时机成熟的过程中保持克制).

全体爱国者们,无论男女老少,都对最终的胜利居功至伟。而对于抵抗运动的成员们,我想对你们说:“遵照你们得到的信息行动。”对于那些还未组织起来的爱国者们,我想对你们说:“继续积极地抗争,但不要用你们的生命去冒无意义的风险,直到我向你们发出起来打击敌人的命令。到那时,我们将需要您的力量加入我们。”而在那之前,我请求你们一项艰难的任务,即保持不断的训练与克制。

Citizens

of

France!

I

am

proud

to

have

again

under

my

command

the

gallant

Forces

of

France.

Fighting

beside

their

Allies,they

will

play

a

worthy

part

in

the

liberation

of

their

Homeland.

法国人民!我为能够领导英勇的法国军队感到骄傲。他们与盟友们并肩作战,并将在解放家乡的行动中扮演重要角色。

Because

the

initial

landing

has

been

made

on

the

soil

of

your

country,I

repeat

to

you

with

even

greater

emphasis

my

message

to

the

peoples

of

other

occupied

countries

in

Western

Europe.

Follow

the

instructions

of

your

leaders.

A

premature(不成熟的,此处仍在强调正确时机的重要性)

uprising

of

all

Frenchmen

may

prevent

you

from

being

of

maximum

help

to

your

country

in

the

critical

hour.

Be

patient.

Prepare!

我们在你们的国土上完成了最初的登陆,我向其它西欧被占领国家的国民们更加强调我的讯息。遵照你们的领导者行动,在时机不成熟的时候采取行动,会使你们错失帮助祖国的最佳时机。请耐心做好准备!

As

Supreme

Commander

of

the

Allied

Expeditionary

Force,there

is

imposed

on

me

the

duty

and

responsibility

of

taking

all

measures

necessary

to

the

prosecution(执行)

of

the

war.

Prompt

and

willing

obedience(遵照)

to

the

orders

that

I

shall

issue

is

essential.

作为联军的最高指挥官,我有责任在战役的执行中贯彻一切必要的手段。遵照我必须施行的那些命令。

Effective

civil

administration

of

France

must

be

provided

by

Frenchmen.

All

persons

must

continue

in

their

present

duties

unless

otherwise

instructed.

Those

who

have

made

common

cause

with(敌人建立共同的主张,即通敌,背叛祖国)

the

enemy

and

so

betrayed

their

country

will

be

removed.

As

France

is

liberated

from

her

oppressors,you

yourselves

will

choose

your

representatives,and

the

government

under

which

you

wish

to

live.

法国的内务必须由法国人来打理。我们全体都要执行当前的任务,除非被赋予新的命令。那些与敌人站到一起而背叛自己祖国的人将被消灭。法国从压迫中解放,你们自己也要做出选择,决定你们要为哪个政府效力。

In

the

course

of

this

campaign(战役,这是指解放欧洲的战役)

for

the

final

defeat

of

the

enemy

you

may

sustain

further

loss

and

damage.

Tragic

though

they

may

be,they

are

part

of

the

price

of

victory.

I

assure

you

that

I

shall

do

all

in

my

power

to

mitigate(减轻)

your

hardships.

I

know

that

I

can

count

on

your

steadfastness

now,no

less

than

in

the

past.

The

heroic

deeds

of

Frenchmen

who

have

continued

the

struggle

against

the

Nazis

and

their

Vichy

satellites,in

France

and

throughout

the

French

Empire,have

been

an

example

and

an

inspiration

to

all

of

us.

在解放并走向最终胜利的进程中,我们也许要遭受更多的损失与毁灭。虽然这些令人伤感,但也是胜利的一部分。我向你们保证我将尽我所能减轻你们的困境。我知道我现在需要你们坚定的支持,正如过去一样。在整个法国坚持与纳粹斗争的法国人民的英雄事迹为我们树立了榜样,并激励着我们全体。

This

landing

is

but

the

opening

phase

of

the

campaign

in

Western

Europe.

Great

battles

lie

ahead.

I

call

upon

all

who

love

freedom

to

stand

with

us.

Keep

your

faith

staunch(坚定的,忠实的)

-

our

arms

are

resolute

-

together

we

shall

achieve

victory.

此次登陆作战仅仅是西欧解放的斗争的开始。大战在即,我呼唤全体热爱自由的人们与我们并肩而立,坚持你们对我们坚决的军队的坚定的新任,我们必将共同迎接胜利的到来。

总体分析:

艾森豪威尔的此次广播演讲作于1940年6月6日诺曼底登陆当天,在获悉前线胜利捷报传来的时候,通过广播,艾森豪威尔将这消息与对军队及抵抗者的期望传达到了欧洲。

作为联军最高指挥官,艾森豪威尔并没有半点提到自己的功绩,而是在开首就对全体参战部队提出了热情的褒奖。即使是苏德战场上的同盟苏联也被多次提到,却从未提到过自己。接下来就提到了欧洲大陆的抵抗组织,艾森豪威尔并没有被胜利冲昏头脑,反而冷静地要求这些战友们等待合适的时机来共同行动。可以说,其中提到的所有决策都是基于理性思考而做出的。

全文处处展现着艾森豪威尔的谦恭、自信与冷静。

3、In

Case

of

Failure

失利备用讲稿

Our

landings

in

the

Cherbourg-Havre

area

have

failed

and

I

have

withdrawn

the

troops.

My

decision

to

attack

at

this

time

and

place

was

based

on

the

best

information

available.

The

troops,the

air

and

the

Navy

did

all

that

bravery

and

devotion

could

do.

If

any

blame

or

fault

attaches

to

the

attempt

it

is

mine

alone.

我们在瑟堡至勒阿弗尔的登陆行动未能取得立足点,我已经撤回了部队。

我决定在这个时候攻击这个地方是基于获得的最好情报。

登陆部队、空军和海军都非常英勇并且献身于他们担负的任务。如果要责备这次行动或任何人,请责备我。”

总体分析:

这是艾森豪威尔写于登陆日前夕的失利备用讲稿,是随手记在一张废纸上的,一旦6日的行动失利,当晚的广播内容就是这个。与前一篇实际上的广播稿相比,我们可以看到,在前一篇中,胜利的荣誉归于全体,而在这里,失败的责任艾森豪威尔准备一人承担。难以想象他写下这些词句的时候在想什么。但是,我们对此,已经无需多言。

上面的文件影印本来自6月5日艾森豪威尔的亲笔稿,末尾的7月5日是笔误。

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